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Alzheimer ’s disease affectsmillions of hoi polloi around the mankind , but what finally stimulate the debilitating dementia remains unknown . One controversial hypothesis , however , holds that the disease might be the result of a computer virus , or multiple viruses , infecting the nous .
Now , a new field of study propose more evidence to bolster this theory . In the study , publish today ( June 21 ) in the journalNeuron , researchers found that the brains of deceased people with Alzheimer ’s disease had higher levels of viruses than the brains of deceased citizenry without Alzheimer ’s . Specifically , the Alzheimer ’s brains had up to double as much of two common strains of herpes virus viruses than the non - Alzheimer ’s brains . [ 6 Big Mysteries of Alzheimer ’s Disease ]
The hypothesis that viruses orother pathogens could meet a rolein the evolution of Alzheimer ’s " is actually a pretty old melodic theme , " said leading study generator Dr. Benjamin Readhead , an adjunct inquiry professor at Arizona State University and adjunct module penis at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai . " Even as ahead of time as the fifties , citizenry have been … positing the potential drop for some sort of pathogen to be contributing to Alzheimer ’s disease . " Still , these ideas have have much backlash from scientist and medical experts throughout the days .
Readhead and his squad did n’t set out to look for possible virus ; rather , at first they were sample to see mind networks that existing drugs could be repurposed to target as potential treatment for the disease . " That in reality kind of led us down this lapin hole where we started suspecting that viruses could [ explain ] some of what we were seeing in these Alzheimer ’s disease networks , " Readhead tell Live Science .
In the study — one of the most detailed analyses of Alzheimer ’s mental capacity tissue done to engagement — the squad analyzed almost 1,000 postmortem brain of people with and without Alzheimer ’s disease from multiple brain coin bank . They sifted through rawRNA and DNA sequencestaken from these brain tissue paper and discover which of these genetic sequences were human and which were not . The non - human genetic sequences were compare to a database that contained genetic data for more 500 dissimilar computer virus that investigator know can , or are think to , dissemble humans .
The herpes virus
Though the idea of a virus or bacteria playing a use in Alzheimer ’s development has not been historically well - regarded , former research has looked at the idea . In particular , past inquiry has pointed to joining between Alzheimer ’s disease and theherpes simplex virus one , or HSV1 ( the grade of herpes computer virus that typically causes inhuman sores ) .
But in the new sketch , two different strains of the herpes virus stand out : herpes 6A and herpes virus 7 .
And while it may sound startling to learn that there are strains of herpes in the mastermind , " the thing to say about these viruses is that they ’re very , very common , " Readhead said . ( near everyone carry these herpes strains in their bodies because they are taint with them in infancy . However , the strains do n’t typically cause problems other than rashes in young children . ) In fact , the researchers detected the presence of these virus in about 40 to 50 percent of the Einstein tissues examined in the sketch . But the Alzheimer ’s brain samples had many more written matter of these viruses than those without , he said .
Because computer virus were found in bothAlzheimer ’s brain tissueand non - Alzheimer ’s psyche tissue , the researchers ca n’t " but say that contagion with these virus make Alzheimer ’s disease , " Readhead suppose . " There ’s obviously some other important chemical mechanism that change why some people would have a unlike response to the presence of a virus . "
Still , the computer virus may play a role : They could be part of the effort , or they could also just serve to accelerate the disease , Readhead enounce . Or maybe they do n’t work a role at all , and just happen to be along for the drive , he added .
To better crystallise the role , if any , of the viruses , the researcher looked to see if any of the virus were affecting proteins and genes known to be implicated in Alzheimer ’s .
" There were actually quite a few different virus that we saw [ connected ] in some interesting ways to unlike prospect of Alzheimer ’s , " Readhead said . For example , the herpes virus 6A virus was find to interact with a large identification number of factor linked to Alzheimer ’s disease peril , as well as genes relate to amyloid plaques , which areprotein clumps that formin the brains of people with the disease .
Still , more research is demand . " One of the real outstanding questions to this is trying to specify the extent [ to which ] what we ’re seeing could be a causal contributor to the disease , " Readhead said .
But which herpes virus is it?
Hugo Lövheim , a aged lecturer in the Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation at Umeå University in Sweden who was not part of the subject , praise the new research .
" The authors have performed a really telling in - depth analysis of postmortem Alzheimer ’s disease brain tissue samples using modern bioinformatics technique , " Lövheim told Live Science . " This is in line with the now rapidly increase evidence of viral infections as central drivers in the ontogenesis of Alzheimer ’s disease pathology . " [ 9 Surprising Risk factor for Dementia ]
However , Lövheim noted that he still believes HSV1 " is a more probable cause of the disease " at its onset . The new study , along with some early research , he suppose , indicates that the herpes 6A virus may play a role at least in late Alzheimer ’s disease . Therefore , next Alzheimer ’s drug enquiry could direct to target both straining of the virus , he suppose .
Ruth Itzhaki , a prof emeritus of neuroscience and observational psychological science at the University of Manchester in England was also not a part of the new study , but was the first researcher to place to the possible role of HSV1 in Alzheimer ’s , back in 1991 .
Itzhaki told Live Science in an e-mail that she still remember HSV1 has a stronger link to Alzheimer ’s , but that the viruses could be exploit together .
" It ’s good that the viral concept is now being take seriously , because during almost all of 28 years , I and afterward others have suffered poisonous ill will , derision or neglect from influential people in the field , " she state .
Originally published onLive Science .
